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Hutian Ancient Kiln Site

The Hutian Ancient Kiln Site is located in Hutian Village in the suburb of Jingdezhen City, Jiangxi Province.

Jingdezhen of Jiangxi Province is most famous porcelain-making city in China. The porcelain made in Jingdezhen has a color as blue as the sky and as white as jade, and is as bright as mirror, as thin as paper. When knocked, it gives out a sound like that of a chime stone. It is a precious kind of
porcelain among the early kinds that got a worldwide reputation. Hence Jingdezhen is reputed as the City of Porcelain in China.

The Hutian Ancient Kiln Site is like a shining pearl among the ancient kilns in Jingdezhen, covering an area of 400,000 square meters. Pottery making in kilns started from the Five Dynasties Period (907-960), developed through the Song (960-1279) and Yuan (1271-1368) Dynasties, and then ended in
the mid Ming Dynasty. Relics of the Five Dynasties Period scatter in the east part of the village, and relics of the Song and Yuan Dynasties are distributed in the south, while the Ming relics spread in an area with Pipa Mountain as its center.

Liujiawu and Pipa Mountain have the richest deposit of tools used in making pottery and porcelain shatters, with deposit layer of about a few dozen meters high at the center. Big stoves and workshop sites scatter along both banks of the Tianmen Gouge . Among porcelain wares of the Five Dynasties
Period, the most delicate kind is the white glazed ware. The crab-shell green bowl and white glazed plate, made into various shapes, were thin and transparent, with light green glaze and delicate patterns. These were the masterpieces of porcelain at that time. Porcelain wares of the Song Dynasty
(960-1279) were mainly decorated with fine patterns and made into beautiful shapes. Wares of the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) were mainly black and yellow ones as well as some celadon wares. In the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), porcelain wares in the site were mainly celadon wares used by ordinary
civilians.

The Hutian Ancient Kiln Site represents the development of porcelain-making techniques, artistic quality and production scale, and provides important concrete materials for the research into the developing history of Chinese porcelain.

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Library>China ABC>Medicine>Ethnic Medicine

Yao Ethnic Minority

– A Unique Treatment: Drug-Bath in Pail

It can be seen everywhere in the Yao area that big fir wooden pail of 1 meter high, 0.6 meter wide and 0.7 meter long. It is the big pail for drug bathing. TheYaopeople pay great attention to bathing. Everyone should bathe in the big pail every night, no matter how hot or cold the weather is. It
will make people relaxed and improve the blood circulation, therefore it can make the bather easy to fall sleep. In winter, people can resist cold in chilly wind. The therapy can resist diseases and strengthen the body by dipping the body in or rubbing it with decocted medicinal extract.

The herbs they used in the bath are fromDayaoshanMountainwhere they live. Usually they pick them for themselves. They also clean and dry the herbs for future use. How much herbs should be used in prescriptions is not fixed and always depends on their habits and experience.

–YaoIatrology

TheYaopeople, living in the mountain areas of southChina, have a long history and rich culture. In the long-term production practice, theYaopeople accumulated much herb treatment experience and shaped the uniqueYaoiatrology.

TheYaopeople have bad living and producing conditions. There is a big possibility for them to be bitten by snakes or insects, injured by fall and fracture. TheYaoancestors had already summarized a set of treatments, including some simple but effective surgical operations besides orally taking
medicines orally and plaster.

They employ various kinds of treatments and techniques. Besides observation, auscultation, interrogation and palpating, they also diagnose according to nails, palm, tongue, ears or face. Major therapies include taking herbals orally, external cleaning, external inunction, fumigating, heating and
so on. In addition, bloodletting, acupuncture, bone-moxibustion, medicine moxibustion or drug-stick, cupping, needle-pricking, beating, clapping, curettage, rolling and rotating manipulation and massage also used for cure.

It is theYaomedicine characteristic to combine iatrology and medicine. From ancient times, theYaodoctors treated patients all by themselves such as diagnosing, collecting herbs and processing herbal medicines and writing prescriptions. Nowadays, there are still only clinics but no drug stores or
drug directors in theYaoareas.

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Library>China ABC>Economy>Tourism & Transportation

Civil Aviation

At the end of 2005, China had 135 airports for civil flights. In the year, airfreight turnover reached 7.89 billion ton/km; passenger turnover was 204.5 billion person/km; and the volume of freight traffic was 3.067 million tons. China had a total of 1,257 civil flight routes, 1,024 of them
domestic routes reaching all large and medium-sized cities, and 233 of them international, connecting China with more than 70 cities overseas.

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